Richard Wayne Penniman (born December 5, 1932), better known by the stage name Little Richard, is a celebrated African-American singer, songwriter and pianist, who began performing in the 1940s and who was a key figure in the transition from rhythm & blues to rock and roll in the mid-1950s.

Little Richard was born Richard Wayne Penniman in Macon, Georgia, the third oldest of seven boys and five girls. The Pennimans also had a family gospel group and Richard grew up steeped in the gospel tradition. At age fourteen he adopted the stage name Little Richard and ran off to join one of the many itinerant medicine shows that performed in small towns around the South.

Richard soon began performing at low-rent rhythm and blues revues, where he learned to mix gospel fervor with blues lyrics. In 1951 Richard befriended flamboyant, openly gay R&B singer Esquerita, who taught him the pounding piano style for which he would become famous.

By 1955, after seeing his popularity increase dramatically, Little Richard made his way to New Orleans to record a demo tape that he sent to Art Rupe, president of Specialty Records, a small but successful Los Angeles-based rhythm and blues and gospel label. The tape ended up on the desk of Rupe's assistant, Bumps Blackwell, who immediately recognized the voice as star material.

Blackwell met Little Richard in New Orleans and, in a break from an otherwise frustrating studio session, watched as Little Richard began fooling around on the studio piano. The result was both electrifying and revolutionary. Little Richard tore into a slightly obscene ditty he had previously penned, and "Tutti Frutti" was born. By January 1956 "Tutti Frutti" was number seventeen on Billboard's pop chart and number two on the R&B chart. It sold over half a million copies. Perhaps more important, it succeeded in bringing the races together, selling to both black and white youth.

Richard quickly followed his initial success with a string of eight Top 40 singles including "Long Tall Sally," "Rip It Up," "Good Golly Miss Molly," and "Lucille," a raucous paean to a female impersonator.

In 1958, however, Little Richard's inner conflict between his sternly religious upbringing and his homosexuality boiled to the surface. According to Scherman, if Richard was more of a musical rebel, it may indeed have been because of his homosexuality, which he agonized over. Even in his wildest days he carried a Bible, and read and quoted from it regularly. On tour in Australia in the autumn of 1958, Little Richard hurled his diamond rings into Sydney Harbor, vowed to quit rock and roll and, on returning to the United States, enrolled in Oakwood Bible College in Huntsville, Alabama.

Little Richard staged several comebacks over the years, but he never scored another Top 40 hit after 1958. He continues to see-saw between rock and roll and religion. He occasionally makes appearances on television and in movies, now known more as a colorful figure from the early days of rock and roll than taken seriously as a contemporary performer.

Nevertheless, Little Richard's seminal influence in the arena of rock music cannot be diminished. He remains a legendary and iconic figure in popular music. He continues performing to appreciative audiences, and he was given further proof of his continued popularity when, in July 2003, he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.

Info from http://www.glbtq.com/arts/little_richard.html